Digital certificates using a clever mix of Web3 and Web2

Lingon provides a Web3 solution interlaced with traditional web and app tech. This way, we can provide familiar and user-friendly interfaces while at the same time making use of unique Web3 capabilities such as self-managed ownership, censorship resistance, and immutability

A carefully crafted tech stack

Technologies

Web3

The Lingon platform is, in essence, a web3 solution implemented using a clever mix of web3 and traditional web/ app tech. This way we are able to provide user-friendly and familiar looking interfaces, while at the same time making use of the capabilities offered by web3, such as immutability, self-managed ownership, and decentralization

NFTs

Lingon certificates are instantiated - minted - as NFTs on the blockchain. Since a certificate is a tokenization of an asset, this makes perfect sense - regardless if the asset itself is a digital or a physical item. As Lingon certificates are about self-managed ownership, our solution would not be possible without NFTs and blockchain tech.

Wallets

Lingon provides a user-friendly wallet app. We have chosen to provide a custodial solution as the entry model for our users, as this enables us to provide the best possible user interface. However, for users who have the skills and will to manage their own key pairs, we enable migration of their Lingon certificates into self-custody in traditional web3 wallets.

Blockchains

Blockchain-based ecosystems supporting open data and logic is the future of computing. We anticipate a future where interoperability is the key and for this reason our solutions are architechted to easily integrate with many different chains.

Smart Contracts

We use our own smart contracts on the blockchain to instantiate our certificates, tailor their content and behavior and enable non-custodial ownership. Our contracts are designed to align with relevant web3 standards, in order to enable good interoperability with marketplaces, wallets and other blockchain infrastructure.

Cryptocurrencies

The Lingon platform provides web3-enabled functionality, but takes care of the crypto hassle on behalf of the user. A mass market service, such as Lingon, needs to accommodate for non-crypto users - or it cannot be mass market ready.

Strategies

Technology agnostic

Our use cases are eternal - certificates of ownership and authenticity have existed for thousands of years - but our solutions need to be able to evolve with time. Our strategy is to always build an agile architecture that reuses as much as possible of existing solutions and is loosely coupled to the surrounding infrastructures, in order to be able to easily take advantage of the technology evolution. As web3 still is in its infancy, this is extra important to us.

Pluggable asset identity

The ability to connect the certificate and the asset it represents in a secure manner is crucial for the Lingon concept. Lingon will use existing markings as well as strive to partner with companies producing product ID solutions. This may be solutions from the producers themselves as well as from third parties. Examples of the first are engraved serial numbers, QR-coded stickers. Examples of the latter is DNA marking and RFID tags.

Blockchain agnostic

Our certificates will be needed on a number of different blockchains, some of which may not even have been invented yet. This means our strategy is to be blockchain agnostic. Our platform needs to be designed to integrate with any blockchain and take advantage of new blockchain tech.

NFT standards alignment

As interoperability is strategic for us, our certificates are saved to a blockchain in the form of NFTs - non fungible tokens. We adhere to the NFT standards, so that owners of our certificates can use standard infrastructures, wallets, marketplaces and future metaverses. Interoperability is key in the Web3 we aim to be part of

Pluggable identity systems

To provide verified identities of our issuers, it is important to be able to reuse existing identities from other parties by plugging in existing infrastructures to the Lingon platform. This can be Web3 identities such as the ERC-725 Ethereum Identity Standard, commercial identity infrastructures such as BankID, identities from social networks and government IDs. To cover all cases, we also use methods of our own.

Energy-efficient and climate friendly

Obviously, we only use climate friendly proof-of-stake blockchains, such as Chromia. We also run our solutions on an energy-efficient cloud infrastructure provided by some of the premiere European infrastructure providers.

Platform architecture

Layered architecture

The Lingon platform is designed in accordance with best practice web architecture - proven technologies and layered architecture, componentized with clear separation of concern and loosely coupled front ends interacting with reusable back end services via APIs.

Lingon web front end

The web platform allows certificate issuers to self-provision accounts and to create certificates and NFTs with a few clicks. We provide two web applications, one for retail users and one for enterprise customers.

Lingon wallet apps

The Lingon wallet apps allow owners of items to claim, own and transfer certificates and NFTs. The app comes in an iOS and an Android version.

Backend and API

The web platform allows certificate issuers to self-provision accounts and to create certificates and NFTs with a few clicks. We provide two web applications, one for retail users and one for enterprise customers.

Chromia

Chromia, our "native" blockchain, was designed for the gaming industry. This is a perfect match, as Lingon needs to be able to manage millions of tokenized items at low cost and with high throughput. By partnering with Chromaway, Lingon can contribute to the development of the Chromia infrastructure.

Other blockchains

All Lingon assets are securely instantiated and stored on open blockchains via our own smart contracts. Chromia is our “home chain”. This is where all certificates and NFTs are stored by default, but we can also create our certificates on other chains if needed.

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Our design choices

The web3 values - decentralization, immutability, non custodial ownership and so on - is where we are coming from.

But anyone familiar with web3 is also familiar with the mantra: "Why is no one building bridges between web2 and web3?"

Our answer is "Because it is difficult, but we are doing it".

Part of this is realizing that only a custodial solution pattern can provide good enough user interfaces. For the time being.

Our mission is to democratize the access to Web3 and in doing so, user interfaces need to be intuitive and familiar. We can not expect users to be crypto savvy.

This is why we offer a custodial service for creating, minting, owning, and distributing NFTs and certificates, but we will also offer gateway services that enable the users (when they are ready and willing) to easily move their assets fully into the decentralized infrastructures of Web3. We enable this by instantiating all user assets as NFTs on the blockchain right from start. No fake "NFTs" in the databases. Our goal is to enable our users to assume full control of their assets by sending them to their private wallets.

Lingon certificates and NFTs are asset representations stored as NFTs on open blockchains.

This way we take advantage of global open blockchain solutions which means that, unlike traditional solutions, no middleman can manipulate, steal or delete the certificates - not even Lingon. Only you, the owner, controls the certificate.

The blockchain also ensures that the certificates are associated with the issuers and the items they represent. This way the certificates guarantee that the provenance and the ownership is always correct.

Lastly, by using blockchain and NFT tech, we enable both custodial and self-managed ownership.

At Lingon, we focus on inventive end user solutions, powered by the unique capabilities of Web3. We are where the end users are, offering digital services that produce real end user value.

We leave infrastructure investments and heavy lifting to others. Instead, we pick the best from the existing Web3 infrastructure, Web3 solution patterns, partner solutions and emerging tech to form strong and lasting architectures.

This means our strategies are centered around interoperability, pluggability, loose coupling, and standardization - because our solution and architecture needs to evolve as technology evolves.

Relating a certificate (token, NFT) uniquely to an asset is a core challenge in all forms of tokenization.

The techniques for doing this are different for digital and physical certificates. 

For digital assets, the best practice used by pretty much everyone in the NFT space involves making a hash of the asset and linking that to the NFT. This is how the Lingon solution works too. 

For physical assets Lingon stores the unique identifier as part of the certificate. Assets come with three different pre-requisites that require different solutions. These are ID marked assets, assets that are unique by nature and generic assets.

ID marked assets are for example vehicles marked with VINs, RFID tags, engraved serial numbers and so on. We create the link between certificates and their underlying assets, by storing the unique ID as part of the certificate. 

Unique assets are for example antiques, jewelry, used bicycles and physical art. The easiest way to create a unique identifier of such assets is to document the item in photos or videos. Our platform makes it super easy to do this and the documentation will forever be included in the certificate. We use the regular NFT patterns to create the link between the certificates and the photos and videos of the assets.

Generic assets are for example t-shirts that are made in thousands of copies.  An absolute 1:1 relation between one specific t-shirt and a certificate can be solved by marking it with a RFID textile tag or sticker in the production process, or by means of a photo of the product, detailed enough to single out that specific t-shirt. This is a trickier case, but there are solutions, let us know your needs and we can help you out.

These techniques can also be combined to provide foolproof certificate-asserts relations.

Where we are heading

Completed

Front ends and base layer platform

Our MVP (minimum viable product) version of the retail solution, enabling self-provisioning, creation and distribution of digital NFT-based certificates and the base layer platform, including the mobile apps and the back end that holds generic core logic, blockchain connectivity and user accounts

Ongoing

APIs and integrations

Expansion of the platform architecture with functional elements and access to core functionalities, to further enable collaborations and use case implementations. This includes the provisioning of restful APIs,  validation code and software widgets. We are also considering marketplace integration and the bridging to other blockchains

Planned

Functional enhancements & Lingon token

A set of sprints adding a range of new functions and certificates types. High level focus is set on digital identity verification as well as the introduction of a Lingon token, to support both our internal platform needs and external incentive structures

The core of our tech - code

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